Julius Nyerere, independence leader and 'baba wa taifa' ( father of the nation) for Tanganyika, ruled the country for decades, while Abeid Amaan Karume, governed Zanzibar as its president and Vice President of the United Republic of Tanzania.

The island of Zanzibar thrived as a trading hub, successively controlled by the Portuguese, the Sultanate of Oman, and then as a British protectorate by the end of the nineteenth century. In 1947, Tanganyika became a United Nations Trust Territory under British administration, a status it kept until its independence in 1961. It served as a British military outpost during World War II, providing financial help, munitions, and soldiers.

The former was a colony and part of German East Africa from the 1880s to 1919’s when, under the League of Nations, it became a British mandate. The modern-day African Great Lakes state of Tanzania dates formally from 1964, when it was formed out of the union of the much larger mainland territory of Tanganyika and the coastal archipelago of Zanzibar.

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